producer and consumer problem using Java

The project is a simple ticket booking system implemented in Java using threads and synchronization. It consists of three classes: `TicketCounter`, `TicketBookingThread`, and `MainDemo`.

The `TicketCounter` class represents a ticket counter with a certain number of available seats. It has a private member variable `availableSeats` initialized to 3. The `bookTicket` method is defined with the `synchronized` keyword to ensure that only one thread can access it at a time. This method takes a name and the number of seats as input parameters. It checks if the requested number of seats is available and greater than zero. If the conditions are met, it prints a success message and updates the `availableSeats` count accordingly. Otherwise, it prints a failure message indicating that the seats are not available.

The `TicketBookingThread` class extends the `Thread` class and represents a thread responsible for booking tickets. It has member variables `tc` (of type `TicketCounter`), `pname` (representing the person's name), and `num_seats` (indicating the number of seats to book). The constructor initializes these variables. The `run` method overrides the `run` method of the `Thread` class. It calls the `bookTicket` method of the `TicketCounter` object, passing the person's name and the number of seats.

The `MainDemo` class is the entry point of the program. In the `main` method, it creates an instance of the `TicketCounter` class called `tc`. Then it creates three instances of the `TicketBookingThread` class, passing the `tc` object, person's name, and the number of seats for each thread. Finally, it starts all three threads using the `start` method.

When the program runs, each thread executes its `run` method concurrently. The `bookTicket` method of the `TicketCounter` class is synchronized, ensuring that only one thread can access it at a time. This prevents race conditions and ensures that the available seats are correctly updated when multiple threads try to book tickets simultaneously.

Overall, the project demonstrates a simple thread-safe ticket booking system, where multiple threads can book tickets concurrently while ensuring the correct state of the available seats.

in this program Siva requested 2 tickets, Ramesh requested 1 ticket and Bhavani requested 2 tickets, but the number of available seats is 3. So 2 tickets are allocated for Siva, and 1 seat is allocated for Ramesh but now all tickets are booked, so it shows to Bhavani that no seat is available.